Marketing isn't as simple
as paid advertising on television or in newspapers. Marketing is any
technique used to make the public aware of a company and what it has to
offer over its competitors. The variations of marketing activities are
vast and encompass almost every kind of media and company-initiated
outreach.
Cold-Calling
Whether
they call current customers or members of the general public, companies
often simply call people up on the phone and offer them services.
Although a company may not make a sale as a result of most of these
calls, some calls will be successful, and brand loyalty is reinforced in
existing customers even if they don't buy anything new. People who were
previously unaware of the company might have their interest piqued by
the call.
Newsletters and Articles
Sending
out a newsletter that announces new happenings in the company, as well
as informative articles about the company's industry, are other ways to
get the company's message out. Companies might use either an established
list of customers and periodically email out the publication, or they
might publish articles in other media with which they have no obvious
connection — for instance, a financial expert with a weekly advice
column in a local paper in which she invites inquiries from readers has
the intent to drum up business.
Search Engine Marketing
Creating
a website that's among the top results on search engines is another way
of marketing services. If a consumer is looking for a product or
service for which there are a number of providers, she might simply
enter keywords into a search engine and scan the results. Instead of
thoroughly comparing each hit, she might choose to look only at the
first few websites. Businesses structure their websites and infuse them
with keywords and phrases designed to maximize their search engine
ranking and garner the greatest volume of customer inquiries.
Trade Shows
In
particular for entrepreneurs looking to find retailers to carry their
product, trade shows are a form of business-to-business marketing.
Owners purchase booth space and sell units of a particular item,
sometimes to members of the general public but also to those who can get
them shelf space in a large-volume retailer. Even if an entrepreneur
doesn't sufficiently impress a retailer at a trade show, the number of
units sold to everyday consumers might be enough to convince retailers
later on to stock the product.
Product Placement in Entertainment
Moviegoers
and online game players often notice products from a part of the script
or scene. Companies pay for this privilege: They agree to a payment
scheme in return for the marketing benefits that come as a result of a
Hollywood star using their product. The same is true of video games,
where everyday players navigate through a world populated with products
they can find in their local store.
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